Over 1 billion people worldwide have some sort of neurological disorder according to the World Health Organization.
Of the more than 600 different neurological disorders that have identified, only a few such as ALS, Alzheimer’s, diabetic neuropathy, epilepsy, headaches, Huntington’s, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s are in the public eye. Most of them affect so few people that they could be labeled “orphan illnesses.”
Raising money to properly treat the patients and ease the burden on caregivers is an almost impossible task. Healthcare companies often refuse coverage because the condition may be not be covered under the plan due to its rarity.
Compounding the problem in treating them is that many are incurable by nature, or difficult to diagnose correctly. Often a definitive answer to the exact condition requires extensive, and/or expensive procedures that few can afford, especially in poor regions of the world.
Over 300 of the numerous neurological disorders are listed below in alphabetical order. Naming all the subsets of these conditions would make the list even longer and contain some disorders which extremely rare.
Neurological Disorders
- Acquired Epileptiform Aphasia (Landau-Kleffner Syndrome)
- Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
- Adrenoleukodystrophy
- Adrenomyeloneuropathy
- Agenesis of the corpus callosum
- Agnosia
- Aicardi syndrome
- Alexander disease
- Alpers’ disease
- Alternating hemiplegia
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (see Motor Neurone Disease)
- Anencephaly
- Angelman syndrome
- Aphasia
- Apraxia
- Arachnoid cysts
- Arachnoiditis
- Asperger’s syndrome
- Ataxia Telangiectasia
- Autism
- Auditory processing disorder
- Autonomic Neuropathy
- Batten disease
- Behcet’s disease
- Bell’s palsy
- Benign Intracranial Hypertension
- Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria
- Binswanger’s disease
- Blepharospasm
- Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome (Incontinentia Pigmenti)
- Brachial plexus injury
- Brown-Sequard syndrome
- Canavan disease
- Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
- Causalgia
- Central pain syndrome
- Central pontine myelinolysis
- Centronuclear myopathy
- Cephalic disorders
- Cerebral aneurysm
- Cerebral arteriosclerosis
- Cerebral atrophy
- Cerebral palsy
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
- Chiari malformation
- Childhood cerebral demyelinating adrenoleukodystrophy
- Chorea
- Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)
- Coffin Lowry syndrome
- Coma, including Persistent Vegetative State
- Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
- Corticobasal degeneration
- Craniosynostosis
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
- Cumulative trauma disorders
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Dandy-Walker syndrome
- Dawson disease
- De Morsier’s syndrome
- Dejerine-Klumpke palsy
- Dejerine-Sottas disease
- Delayed sleep phase syndrome
- Dementia
- Dermatomyositis
- Developmental Dyspraxia
- Diabetic neuropathy
- Diffuse sclerosis
- Dysautonomia
- Dyscalculia
- Dysgraphia
- Dyslexia
- Dystonia
- Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy
- Empty sella syndrome
- Encephalitis
- Encephalocele
- Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis
- Encopresis
- Epilepsy
- Erb’s palsy
- Erythromelalgia
- Essential tremor
- Fabry’s disease
- Fahr’s syndrome
- Fainting
- Familial spastic paralysis
- Febrile seizures
- Fisher syndrome
- Friedreich’s ataxia
- FART Syndrome
- Gaucher’s disease
- Gerstmann’s syndrome
- Giant cell arteritis
- Giant cell inclusion disease
- Globoid cell Leukodystrophy
- Gray matter heterotopia
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- HTLV-1 associated myelopathy
- Hallervorden-Spatz disease
- Head injury
- Headache
- Hemifacial Spasm
- Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
- Heredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis
- Herpes zoster oticus
- Herpes zoster
- Hirayama syndrome
- Holoprosencephaly
- Huntington’s disease
- Hydranencephaly
- Hydrocephalus
- Hypercortisolism
- Hypoxia
- Immune-Mediated encephalomyelitis
- Inclusion body myositis
- Incontinentia pigmenti
- Infantile phytanic acid storage disease
- Infantile Refsum disease
- Infantile spasms
- Inflammatory myopathy
- Intracranial cyst
- Intracranial hypertension
- Joubert syndrome
- Kearns-Sayre syndrome
- Kennedy disease
- Kinsbourne syndrome
- Klippel Feil syndrome
- Krabbe disease
- Kugelberg-Welander disease
- Kuru
- Lafora disease
- Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
- Landau-Kleffner syndrome
- Lateral medullary (Wallenberg) syndrome
- Learning disabilities
- Leigh’s disease
- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
- Leukodystrophy
- Lewy body dementia
- Lissencephaly
- Locked-In syndrome
- Lou Gehrig’s disease (See Motor Neurone Disease)
- Lumbar disc disease
- Lyme disease – Neurological Sequelae
- Machado-Joseph disease (Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3)
- Macrencephaly
- Megalencephaly
- Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
- Menieres disease
- Meningitis
- Menkes disease
- Metachromatic leukodystrophy
- Microcephaly
- Migraine
- Miller Fisher syndrome
- Mini-Strokes
- Mitochondrial Myopathies
- Moebius Syndrome
- Monomelic amyotrophy
- Motor Neurone Disease
- Motor skills disorder
- Moyamoya disease
- Mucopolysaccharidoses
- Multi-Infarct Dementia
- Multifocal motor neuropathy
- Multiple sclerosis
- Multiple system atrophy
- Muscular dystrophy
- Myalgic encephalomyelitis
- Myasthenia gravis
- Myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis
- Myoclonic Encephalopathy of infants
- Myoclonus
- Myopathy
- Myotubular myopathy
- Myotonia congenita
- Narcolepsy
- Neurofibromatosis
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- Neurological manifestations of AIDS
- Neurological sequelae of lupus
- Neuromyelitis Optica
- Neuromyotonia
- Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
- Neuronal migration disorders
- Niemann-Pick disease
- Non 24-hour sleep-wake syndrome
- Nonverbal learning disorder
- O’Sullivan-McLeod syndrome
- Occipital Neuralgia
- Occult Spinal Dysraphism Sequence
- Ohtahara syndrome
- Olivopontocerebellar atrophy
- Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome
- Optic neuritis
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Overuse syndrome
- Palinopsia
- Paresthesia
- Parkinson’s disease
- Paramyotonia Congenita
- Paraneoplastic diseases
- Paroxysmal attacks
- Parry-Romberg syndrome (also known as Rombergs Syndrome)
- Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
- Periodic Paralyses
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Persistent Vegetative State
- Pervasive developmental disorders
- Photic sneeze reflex
- Phytanic Acid Storage disease
- Pick’s disease
- Pinched Nerve
- Pituitary Tumors
- PMG
- Polio
- Polymicrogyria
- Polymyositis
- Porencephaly
- Post-Polio syndrome
- Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN)
- Postinfectious Encephalomyelitis
- Postural Hypotension
- Prader-Willi syndrome
- Primary Lateral Sclerosis
- Prion diseases
- Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy also known as Rombergs_Syndrome
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- Progressive Sclerosing Poliodystrophy
- Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
- Pseudotumor cerebri
- Ptosis (Droopy Upper Eyelids)
- Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (Type I and Type II)
- Rasmussen’s encephalitis
- Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome
- Refsum disease
- Repetitive motion disorders
- Repetitive stress injury
- Restless legs syndrome
- Retrovirus-associated myelopathy
- Rett syndrome
- Reye’s syndrome
- Rombergs_Syndrome
- Rabies
- Saint Vitus dance
- Sandhoff disease
- Schytsophrenia
- Schilder’s disease
- Schizencephaly
- Sensory Integration Dysfunction
- Septo-optic dysplasia
- Shaken baby syndrome
- Shingles
- Shy-Drager syndrome
- Sjogren’s syndrome
- Sleep apnea
- Sleeping sickness
- Snatiation
- Sotos syndrome
- Spasticity
- Spina bifida
- Spinal cord injury
- Spinal cord tumors
- Spinal muscular atrophy
- Spinal stenosis
- Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome, see Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
- Spinocerebellar ataxia
- Stiff-person syndrome
- Stroke
- Sturge-Weber syndrome
- Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
- Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy
- Superficial siderosis
- Sydenham’s chorea
- Syncope
- Synesthesia
- Syringomyelia
- Tardive dyskinesia
- Tay-Sachs disease
- Temporal arteritis
- Tethered spinal cord syndrome
- Thomsen disease
- Thoracic outlet syndrome
- Tic Douloureux
- Todd’s paralysis
- Tourette syndrome
- Transient ischemic attack
- Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies
- Transverse myelitis
- Traumatic brain injury
- Tremor
- Trigeminal neuralgia
- Tropical spastic paraparesis
- Trypanosomiasis
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Vasculitis including temporal arteritis
- Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL)
- Viliuisk Encephalomyelitis (VE)
- Wallenberg’s syndrome
- Werdnig-Hoffman disease
- West syndrome
- Whiplash
- Williams syndrome
- Wilson’s disease
- X-Linked Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy
- Zellweger syndrome